Sounding the whistle on racism cut short my career - Luther Burrell
Burrell: 'I wanted to continue playing'
Warning: This article includes details of racially offensive comments and conduct
FormerEngland centre Luther Burrell says that speaking out to expose racism in professional rugby brought his professional journey to an premature end.
In a June 2022, Burrell described racism as being "rife" in the sport, displaying digital communications and remembering training ground "comments" he had been subject to while playing for Newcastle.
Then 34 and without a team, Burrell's only elite playing since has been a handful of games with guest team the Barbarians.
"I have absolutely had to retire because of what went on," he told media outlets.
"I hoped to carry on competing, naturally I did. I sought that, and it fell through when word emerged that there were investigations going on.
"That was challenging - I had to just accept the outcome and accept that this entire situation is a lot more important than me."
A rugby governing body report in 2023 found Burrell's claims were true "on the balance of probability", but said it could not collect enough proof to definitively say they occurred at Newcastle.
Luther Burrell started all of England's international games in 2014-15, but was surprisingly excluded for their squad for the 2015 World Cup
Burrell revealed to journalists he also faced discrimination within the England set-up, during a Test career that saw him win 15 appearances after his debut in February 2014.
"I've had several distressing experiences within the national team," he said.
"Some discrimination and other just outdated thinking that's really inappropriate."
Racism had become normalised in team environments, in Burrell's experience.
"It's something that has been disguised as humour and that's been the problem that I've myself suffered and seen," said Burrell, who is of Jamaican heritage.
"During a extended period you just learn to think that it's the standard and that is acceptable and that it's not malicious, but that's incorrect."
Burrell says he was finally spurred to go public after a fellow player at Newcastle referred to him as a "slave" and told him to put sunscreen on his arms and legs "where your shackles were."
The rugby authority said Burrell's disclosures had led to "increased scrutiny at the environment within the elite game and to the implementation of an action plan for the professional game."
"We has given considerable focus on inclusion and inclusion in the sport and a great deal of work completed both prior and since Luther Burrell spoke publicly and shared his experiences of racism and classism," it added.
"We are ongoing work with teams and partners in the professional game to work for a environment of inclusivity but acknowledge this takes time and is an ongoing process."
All Premiership and women's rugby club now has in-person training on building inclusive cultures, with its success monitored via specific documentation and surveys.
All England players, including youth squads, are educated in being "engaged observers" to intervene and protect others from harmful conduct.
"You should be so proud of what you have accomplished," Burrell's mother Joyce said to him as part of the documentary Luther Burrell - Rugby, Racism and Redemption.
"I know it has had this impact on you and ended your playing days, but in our view, you have achieved so much. We are so impressed of you and to have you as a son."
Burrell's dad Geoff died shortly after the production of the documentary, and his sister died earlier this year.
Burrell, who was raised on a social housing in his hometown, maintains his work to make the game more accessible.
His charitable organization works to reach children in under-served communities and support them thrive both on the pitch with free sports training, mentoring and nutrition education.
"My intentions are pure, I want to see the evolution of the sport and if nobody else is prepared to tell their story then I'll persist to fight that cause because I'm not just pursuing this for my own benefit," he said.
"Everyone involved have an responsibility to make the sport as great as it can be and the longer I talk about it perhaps the more comfortable fellow players will become about discussing their own stories as well.
"I need to grab the bull by the horns and keep bearing this flag and keep carrying this responsibility and accomplish what I can to develop opportunities and make the game more appealing and more inclusive.
"There are a lot of underprivileged young people and a lot of poverty and I sincerely believe that the sport has the ability to transform their lives, just as it did for me."
Burrell scored for the Barbarians on a return to previous team Northampton in late 2022